Columbidae - Doves, Pigeons	Classification  Phylum: Chordata  Class: Aves  Order: Columbiformes  Family: Columbidae

Doves and pigeons are found in a wide variety of habitats including: rainforests, swamps, woodlands, deserts, grasslands, and cities! Pigeons and doves pairs stay together and mate from year-to-year. Pigeons and doves feed their chicks crop-milk for the first few days after they hatch. Crop milk is a milky substance that comes form the bird's crop. The crop is special food-storage chamber that is part of the bird's digestive system. Both the male and the female produce crop milk. Crop milk is high in fat and vitamins A and B and helps the chicks grow!

One species in this family that was once found in North America is the passenger pigeon. The passenger pigeon was a common bird in central and eastern North America. Scientists estimate that the population at one time may have numbered between three and five million birds. It lived in large colonies.

The passenger pigeon probably became extinct from a combination of natural and man-made causes. Hunting, along with a low reproduction rate, probably led to the bird's extinction. The last known passenger pigeon died at the Cincinnati Zoo in 1914.

World Status Key
Least Concern Near Threatened Vulnerable Endangered Critically Endangered Extinct Wild Extinct
Status and range is taken from ICUN Redlist. If no status is listed, there is not enough data to establish status.

US Status Key
Threatened in US Threatened in NH Endangered in US Endangered in NH Breeds in NH Introduced
Status taken from US Fish and Wildlife and NH Fish and Game

New Hampshire Species		North/Central American Species
Mourning Dove - Zenaida macroura Rock Pigeon - Columba livia		Brown-backed Dove - Leptotila battyi Gray-chested Dove - Leptotila cassini Caribbean Dove - Leptotila jamaicensis Gray-headed Dove - Leptotila plumbeiceps Gray-fronted Dove - Leptotila rufaxilla White-tipped Dove - Leptotila verreauxi Grenada Dove - Leptotila wellsi Ring-tailed Pigeon - Patagioenas caribaea Pale-vented Pigeon - Patagioenas cayennensis Bare-eyed Pigeon - Patagioenas corensis Band-tailed Pigeon - Patagioenas fasciata Red-billed Pigeon - Patagioenas flavirostris Dusky Pigeon - Patagioenas goodsoni Plain Pigeon - Patagioenas inornata White-crowned Pigeon - Patagioenas leucocephala Short-billed Pigeon - Patagioenas nigrirostris Plumbeous Pigeon - Patagioenas plumbea Scaled Pigeon - Patagioenas speciosa Scaly-naped Pigeon - Patagioenas squamosa Ruddy Pigeon - Patagioenas subvinacea Blue-headed Quail-dove - Starnoenas cyanocephala Spotted Dove - Stigmatopelia chinensis Oriental Turtle-dove - Streptopelia orientalis White-winged Dove - Zenaida asiatica Eared Dove - Zenaida auriculata Zenaida Dove - Zenaida aurita Socorro Dove - Zenaida graysoni
North/Central American Species
Maroon-chested Ground-dove - Claravis mondetoura Blue Ground-dove - Claravis pretiosa Inca Dove - Columbina inca Plain-breasted Ground-dove - Columbina minuta Common Ground-dove - Columbina passerina Scaled Dove - Columbina squammata Ruddy Ground-dove - Columbina talpacoti Passenger Pigeon - Ectopistes migratorius White-faced Quail-dove - Geotrygon albifacies Gray-headed Quail-dove - Geotrygon caniceps Tuxtla Quail-dove - Geotrygon carrikeri Rufous-breasted Quail-dove - Geotrygon chiriquensis Key West Quail-dove - Geotrygon chrysia Buff-fronted Quail-dove - Geotrygon costaricensis Russet-crowned Quail-dove - Geotrygon goldmani Purplish-backed Quail-dove - Geotrygon lawrencii Lined Quail-dove - Geotrygon linearis Ruddy Quail-dove - Geotrygon montana Bridled Quail-dove - Geotrygon mystacea Olive-backed Quail-dove - Geotrygon veraguensis Crested Quail-dove - Geotrygon versicolor Violaceous Quail-dove - Geotrygon violacea

Species Around the World
Africa Asia Australia/Oceania Europe North/Central America South America NH Species
Madagascar Blue-pigeon - Alectroenas madagascariensis Mauritius Blue-pigeon - Alectroenas nitidissima Seychelles Blue-pigeon - Alectroenas pulcherrima Rodrigues Blue-pigeon - Alectroenas rodericana Comoro Blue-pigeon - Alectroenas sganzini Lemon Dove - Aplopelia larvata Liverpool Pigeon - Caloenas maculata Nicobar Pigeon - Caloenas nicobarica   Emerald Dove - Chalcophaps indica Stephan's Dove - Chalcophaps stephani Purple-winged Ground-dove - Claravis godefrida Maroon-chested Ground-dove - Claravis mondetoura Blue Ground-dove - Claravis pretiosa White-naped Pigeon - Columba albinucha White-collared Pigeon - Columba albitorques Silvery Wood-pigeon - Columba argentina African Olive-pigeon - Columba arquatrix Dark-tailed Laurel Pigeon - Columba bollii Eastern Bronze-naped Pigeon - Columba delegorguei Reunion Pigeon - Columba duboisi Nilgiri Wood-pigeon - Columba elphinstonii Pale-backed Pigeon - Columba eversmanni Speckled Pigeon - Columba guinea Speckled Wood-pigeon - Columba hodgsonii Western Bronze-naped Pigeon - Columba iriditorques Japanese Wood-pigeon - Columba janthina Ryukyu Pigeon - Columba jouyi White-tailed Laurel Pigeon - Columba junoniae White-headed Pigeon - Columba leucomela Snow Pigeon - Columba leuconota Rock Pigeon - Columba livia Sao Tome Bronze-naped Pigeon - Columba malherbii Stock Dove - Columba oenas Somali Pigeon - Columba oliviae [dd] Yellow-legged Pigeon - Columba pallidiceps Andaman Wood-pigeon - Columba palumboides Common Wood-pigeon - Columba palumbus Comoro Olive-pigeon - Columba pollenii Ashy Wood-pigeon - Columba pulchricollis Pale-capped Pigeon - Columba punicea Hill Pigeon - Columba rupestris Cameroon Olive-pigeon - Columba sjostedti Maroon Pigeon - Columba thomensis Sri Lanka Wood-pigeon - Columba torringtoniae Madeira Laurel Pigeon - Columba trocaz Afep Pigeon - Columba unicincta Bonin Wood-pigeon - Columba versicolor White-throated Pigeon - Columba vitiensis Ecuadorian Ground-dove - Columbina buckleyi Croaking Ground-dove - Columbina cruziana Blue-eyed Ground-dove - Columbina cyanopis Inca Dove - Columbina inca Plain-breasted Ground-dove - Columbina minuta Common Ground-dove - Columbina passerina Picui Ground-dove - Columbina picui Scaled Dove - Columbina squammata Ruddy Ground-dove - Columbina talpacoti Sombre Pigeon - Cryptophaps poecilorrhoa Tooth-billed Pigeon - Didunculus strigirostris Cloven-feathered Dove - Drepanoptila holosericea Green Imperial-pigeon - Ducula aenea Polynesian Imperial-pigeon - Ducula aurorae Mountain Imperial-pigeon - Ducula badia Vanuatu Imperial-pigeon - Ducula bakeri Cinnamon-bellied Imperial-pigeon - Ducula basilica Pied Imperial-pigeon - Ducula bicolor Chestnut-bellied Imperial-pigeon - Ducula brenchleyi Spotted Imperial-pigeon - Ducula carola Shining Imperial-pigeon - Ducula chalconota Timor Imperial-pigeon - Ducula cineracea Elegant Imperial-pigeon - Ducula concinna Finsch's Imperial-pigeon - Ducula finschii White-bellied Imperial-pigeon - Ducula forsteni Marquesan Imperial-pigeon - Ducula galeata New Caledonian Imperial-pigeon - Ducula goliath Dark-backed Imperial-pigeon - Ducula lacernulata Peale's Imperial-pigeon - Ducula latrans White Imperial-pigeon - Ducula luctuosa Bismarck Imperial-pigeon - Ducula melanochroa Mindoro Imperial-pigeon - Ducula mindorensis Collared Imperial-pigeon - Ducula mullerii Spice Imperial-pigeon - Ducula myristicivora Micronesian Imperial-pigeon - Ducula oceanica Pacific Imperial-pigeon - Ducula pacifica White-eyed Imperial-pigeon - Ducula perspicillata Gray Imperial-pigeon - Ducula pickeringii Pinon Imperial-pigeon - Ducula pinon Island Imperial-pigeon - Ducula pistrinaria Pink-bellied Imperial-pigeon - Ducula poliocephala Gray-headed Imperial-pigeon - Ducula radiata Pink-headed Imperial-pigeon - Ducula rosacea Red-knobbed Imperial-pigeon - Ducula rubricera Purple-tailed Imperial-pigeon - Ducula rufigaster Torresian Imperial-pigeon - Ducula spilorrhoa Yellowish Imperial-pigeon - Ducula subflavescens Christmas Imperial-pigeon - Ducula whartoni Banded Imperial-pigeon - Ducula zoeae St Helena Dove - Dysmoropelia dekarchiskos Passenger Pigeon - Ectopistes migratorius Bronze Ground-dove - Gallicolumba beccarii Palau Ground-dove - Gallicolumba canifrons Mindanao Bleeding-heart - Gallicolumba crinigera Polynesian Ground-dove - Gallicolumba erythroptera Tanna Ground-dove - Gallicolumba ferruginea Wetar Ground-dove - Gallicolumba hoedtii White-bibbed Ground-dove - Gallicolumba jobiensis Negros Bleeding-heart - Gallicolumba keayi Caroline Islands Ground-dove - Gallicolumba kubaryi Luzon Bleeding-heart - Gallicolumba luzonica Sulu Bleeding-heart - Gallicolumba menagei Norfolk Island Ground-dove - Gallicolumba norfolciensis Mindoro Bleeding-heart - Gallicolumba platenae Marquesan Ground-dove - Gallicolumba rubescens Cinnamon Ground-dove - Gallicolumba rufigula Thick-billed Ground-dove - Gallicolumba salamonis Santa Cruz Ground-dove - Gallicolumba sanctaecrucis Shy Ground-dove - Gallicolumba stairi Sulawesi Ground-dove - Gallicolumba tristigmata White-throated Ground-dove - Gallicolumba xanthonura Diamond Dove - Geopelia cuneata Bar-shouldered Dove - Geopelia humeralis Barred Dove - Geopelia maugeus Peaceful Dove - Geopelia placida Zebra Dove - Geopelia striata Spinifex Pigeon - Geophaps plumifera Squatter Pigeon - Geophaps scripta Partridge Pigeon - Geophaps smithii White-faced Quail-dove - Geotrygon albifacies Gray-headed Quail-dove - Geotrygon caniceps Tuxtla Quail-dove - Geotrygon carrikeri Rufous-breasted Quail-dove - Geotrygon chiriquensis Key West Quail-dove - Geotrygon chrysia Buff-fronted Quail-dove - Geotrygon costaricensis White-throated Quail-dove - Geotrygon frenata Russet-crowned Quail-dove - Geotrygon goldmani Purplish-backed Quail-dove - Geotrygon lawrencii Lined Quail-dove - Geotrygon linearis Ruddy Quail-dove - Geotrygon montana Bridled Quail-dove - Geotrygon mystacea Sapphire Quail-dove - Geotrygon saphirina Olive-backed Quail-dove - Geotrygon veraguensis Crested Quail-dove - Geotrygon versicolor Violaceous Quail-dove - Geotrygon violacea Western Crowned-pigeon - Goura cristata Southern Crowned-pigeon - Goura scheepmakeri Victoria Crowned-pigeon - Goura victoria Papuan Mountain-pigeon - Gymnophaps albertisii Long-tailed Mountain-pigeon - Gymnophaps mada Pale Mountain-pigeon - Gymnophaps solomonensis New Zealand Pigeon - Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae New Guinea Bronzewing - Henicophaps albifrons New Britain Bronzewing - Henicophaps foersteri Brown-backed Dove - Leptotila battyi Gray-chested Dove - Leptotila cassini Tolima Dove - Leptotila conoveri Caribbean Dove - Leptotila jamaicensis White-faced Dove - Leptotila megalura Ochre-bellied Dove - Leptotila ochraceiventris Pallid Dove - Leptotila pallida		Gray-headed Dove - Leptotila plumbeiceps Gray-fronted Dove - Leptotila rufaxilla White-tipped Dove - Leptotila verreauxi Grenada Dove - Leptotila wellsi Wonga Pigeon - Leucosarcia melanoleuca Topknot Pigeon - Lopholaimus antarcticus Brown Cuckoo-dove - Macropygia amboinensis Ruddy Cuckoo-dove - Macropygia emiliana Mackinlay's Cuckoo-dove - Macropygia mackinlayi Dusky Cuckoo-dove - Macropygia magna Black-billed Cuckoo-dove - Macropygia nigrirostris Little Cuckoo-dove - Macropygia ruficeps Andaman Cuckoo-dove - Macropygia rufipennis Philippine Cuckoo-dove - Macropygia tenuirostris Barred Cuckoo-dove - Macropygia unchall Golden-spotted Ground-dove - Metriopelia aymara Bare-faced Ground-dove - Metriopelia ceciliae Black-winged Ground-dove - Metriopelia melanoptera Bare-eyed Ground-dove - Metriopelia morenoi Choiseul Pigeon - Microgoura meeki Pink Pigeon - Nesoenas mayeri Madagascar Turtle-dove - Nesoenas picturata Crested Pigeon - Ocyphaps lophotes Namaqua Dove - Oena capensis Pheasant Pigeon - Otidiphaps nobilis Chilean Pigeon - Patagioenas araucana Ring-tailed Pigeon - Patagioenas caribaea Pale-vented Pigeon - Patagioenas cayennensis Bare-eyed Pigeon - Patagioenas corensis Band-tailed Pigeon - Patagioenas fasciata Red-billed Pigeon - Patagioenas flavirostris Dusky Pigeon - Patagioenas goodsoni Plain Pigeon - Patagioenas inornata White-crowned Pigeon - Patagioenas leucocephala Spot-winged Pigeon - Patagioenas maculosa Short-billed Pigeon - Patagioenas nigrirostris Peruvian Pigeon - Patagioenas oenops Picazuro Pigeon - Patagioenas picazuro Plumbeous Pigeon - Patagioenas plumbea Scaled Pigeon - Patagioenas speciosa Scaly-naped Pigeon - Patagioenas squamosa Ruddy Pigeon - Patagioenas subvinacea White-quilled Rock-pigeon - Petrophassa albipennis Chestnut-quilled Rock-pigeon - Petrophassa rufipennis Amethyst Brown-dove - Phapitreron amethystinus   Mindanao Brown-dove - Phapitreron brunneiceps Tawitawi Brown-dove - Phapitreron cinereiceps White-eared Brown-dove - Phapitreron leucotis Common Bronzewing - Phaps chalcoptera Brush Bronzewing - Phaps elegans Flock Bronzewing - Phaps histrionica Negros Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus arcanus Orange-fronted Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus aurantiifrons Scarlet-breasted Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus bernsteinii Makatea Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus chalcurus Banded Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus cinctus Atoll Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus coralensis Coroneted Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus coronulatus Red-naped Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus dohertyi White-capped Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus dupetithouarsii White-headed Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus eugeniae Red-eared Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus fischeri Carunculated Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus granulifrons Red-bellied Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus Grayii Rapa Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus huttoni Gray-headed Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus hyogastrus Knob-billed Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus insolitus Henderson Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus insularis Orange-bellied Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus iozonus Jambu Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus jambu Whistling Dove - Ptilinopus layardi Black-chinned Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus leclancheri Golden Dove - Ptilinopus luteovirens Wompoo Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus magnificus Flame-breasted Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus marchei Black-naped Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus melanospilus Red-moustached Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus mercierii Cream-bellied Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus merrilli Blue-capped Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus monacha Dwarf Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus naina Yellow-breasted Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus occipitalis Ornate Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus ornatus Palau Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus pelewensis Pink-spotted Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus perlatus Many-colored Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus perousii Purple-capped Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus porphyraceus Pink-headed Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus porphyreus Beautiful Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus pulchellus Gray-green Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus purpuratus Cook Islands Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus rarotongensis Rose-crowned Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus regina Silver-capped Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus richardsii White-bibbed Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus rivoli Mariana Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus roseicapilla Yellow-bibbed Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus solomonensis Maroon-chinned Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus subgularis Superb Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus superbus Tanna Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus tannensis Orange Dove - Ptilinopus victor Claret-breasted Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus viridis Wallace's Fruit-dove - Ptilinopus wallacii Pied Cuckoo-dove - Reinwardtoena browni Crested Cuckoo-dove - Reinwardtoena crassirostris Great Cuckoo-dove - Reinwardtoena reinwardtsi Blue-headed Quail-dove - Starnoenas cyanocephala Spotted Dove - Stigmatopelia chinensis Laughing Dove - Stigmatopelia senegalensis Island Collared-dove - Streptopelia bitorquata Ring-necked Dove - Streptopelia capicola Eurasian Collared-dove - Streptopelia decaocto Mourning Collared-dove - Streptopelia decipiens Adamawa Turtle-dove - Streptopelia hypopyrrha Dusky Turtle-dove - Streptopelia lugens Oriental Turtle-dove - Streptopelia orientalis White-winged Collared-dove - Streptopelia reichenowi African Collared-dove -  Streptopelia roseogrisea Red-eyed Dove - Streptopelia semitorquata Red Collared-dove - Streptopelia tranquebarica European Turtle-dove - Streptopelia turtur Vinaceous Dove - Streptopelia vinacea Pin-tailed Green-pigeon - Treron apicauda Madagascar Green-pigeon - Treron australis Orange-breasted Green-pigeon - Treron bicinctus African Green-pigeon - Treron calvus Large Green-pigeon - Treron capellei Thick-billed Green-pigeon - Treron curvirostra Flores Green-pigeon - Treron floris Whistling Green-pigeon - Treron formosae Cinnamon-headed Green-pigeon - Treron fulvicollis Gray-cheeked Green-pigeon - Treron griseicauda Little Green-pigeon - Treron olax Sumatran Green-pigeon - Treron oxyurus Pemba Green-pigeon - Treron pembaensis Yellow-footed Green-pigeon - Treron phoenicopterus Pompadour Green-pigeon - Treron pompadora Timor Green-pigeon - Treron psittaceus Sao Tome Green-pigeon - Treron sanctithomae Yellow-vented Green-pigeon - Treron seimundi White-bellied Green-pigeon - Treron sieboldii Wedge-tailed Green-pigeon - Treron sphenurus Sumba Green-pigeon - Treron teysmannii Pink-necked Green-pigeon - Treron vernans Bruce's Green-pigeon - Treron waalia Thick-billed Ground-pigeon - Trugon terrestris White-faced Cuckoo-dove - Turacoena manadensis Slaty Cuckoo-dove - Turacoena modesta Black-billed Wood-dove - Turtur abyssinicus Blue-spotted Wood-dove - Turtur afer Blue-headed Wood-dove - Turtur brehmeri Emerald-spotted Wood-dove - Turtur chalcospilos Tambourine Dove - Turtur tympanistria Long-tailed Ground-dove - Uropelia campestris White-winged Dove - Zenaida asiatica Eared Dove - Zenaida auriculata Zenaida Dove - Zenaida aurita Galapagos Dove - Zenaida galapagoensis Socorro Dove - Zenaida graysoni Mourning Dove - Zenaida macroura West Peruvian Dove -  Zenaida meloda